Which term refers to judging another culture based on one's own cultural standards?

The term that refers to judging another culture based on one's own cultural standards is ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism involves viewing one's own culture as central or superior, leading individuals to evaluate other cultures in terms of their own cultural norms and values. This perspective can result in misunderstanding and devaluing the practices and beliefs of other cultures, as it does not take into account the context and complexities inherent in different cultural systems. Recognizing ethnocentrism is critical in fostering cultural sensitivity and appreciation for diversity, as it highlights the importance of understanding other cultures on their own terms rather than solely through a personal or cultural lens.

In contrast, cultural relativism encourages understanding and evaluating cultural practices based on their own values and context, which fosters appreciation for the complexities of different cultures. Multiculturalism is the promotion and support of multiple cultural traditions within a society, while enculturation refers to the process by which individuals learn and adopt the cultural norms of their own society. Understanding these distinctions is essential for engaging thoughtfully and respectfully with diverse cultural perspectives.