Which of the following societies would primarily rely on hunting and gathering?

The chosen answer is valid because foraging societies, also known as hunter-gatherer societies, are characterized by their primary subsistence method of hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants and fruits. This lifestyle directly reflects the reliance on natural resources available in their environment, with minimal reliance on cultivated crops or domesticated animals.

Foraging societies typically exhibit mobility, moving according to seasonal availability of food resources. They demonstrate a deep understanding of the ecosystem, using skills that have been honed over generations to harvest wild foods effectively. This mode of existence contrasts sharply with horticultural societies, which cultivate crops; agricultural societies, which farm on a larger scale; and pastoral societies, which depend primarily on the herding of domesticated animals. Each of these other types of societies engages in some form of food production or animal husbandry, setting them apart from foraging societies that maintain a purely subsistence lifestyle rooted in hunting and gathering.