Which of the following is a significant challenge associated with rapid urbanization?

Rapid urbanization brings a significant challenge when it comes to overcrowding and strain on infrastructure. As populations move to urban areas in search of better economic opportunities and living standards, the existing infrastructure—such as roads, public transportation, water supply, and waste management systems—can become overwhelmed. Cities may struggle to accommodate the sudden influx of residents, leading to traffic congestion, insufficient housing, and inadequate public services. This strain may result in decreased quality of life for urban dwellers and can pose difficulties for urban planners and local governments trying to meet the rising demand for facilities and services.

In contrast, improved public transportation, increased green spaces, and the potential for economic opportunities typically arise as positive outcomes or solutions to urban challenges. However, without addressing the issues of overcrowding and infrastructure strain first, these benefits may not be achievable or sustainable in rapidly growing urban environments.